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Operation Tidal Wave
Operation Tidal Wave was an air attack by bombers of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) based in Libya and Southern Italy on nine oil refineries around Ploiești, Romania on 1 August 1943, during World War II. It was a strategic bombing mission and part of the "oil campaign" to deny petroleum-based fuel to the Axis.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.homeofheroes.com/wings/part2/09_ploesti.html )〕 The mission resulted in "no curtailment of overall product output".〔
This mission was one of the costliest for the USAAF in the European Theater, with 53 aircraft and 660 aircrewmen lost. It was the worst loss ever suffered by the USAAF on a single mission, and its date was later referred to as "Black Sunday". Five Medals of Honor and numerous Distinguished Service Crosses were awarded to Operation Tidal Wave crew members.
==Preparations==
Romania had been a major power in the oil industry since the 1800s. It was one of the largest producers in Europe and Ploiesti was a major part of that production. (see Bombing of Romania in World War II).〔(ROMANIAN OIL INDUSTRY: History ), Romanian Consulate, Boston〕〔(HISTORY ), ANEIR - Foreign Trade Promotion Centre S.A. , National Association of Romanian Exporters and Importers (ANEIR), aneir-cpce.ro〕 The Ploiești oil refineries provided about 30% of all Axis oil production.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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